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After discovering a small, blue, fast hedgehog, a small-town police officer must help it defeat an evil genius who wants to do experiments on it / 
/ cast: Ben Schwartz / 2020 / 8,7 / 10 star / 99 minutes. Sonic has teeth.
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Turn it into english. I think I just realized that I'm in love with Ben Schwartz. Sonic the Hedgehog 2020 free movie download torrent Seeds: 22 Peers: 38 Torrent Health Finding a small, blue, and fast hedgehog, a small town police officer must help you defeat an evil genius who wants to experiment with it. Director: Jeff Fowler Writer: Patrick Casey, Josh Miller | Based on the Sega global video game franchise, SONIC THE HEDGEHOG tells the story of the fastest hedgehog in the world when it receives its new home on Earth. In this direct action comedy, Sonic and his new friend Tom (James Marsden) work together to protect the evil planet genius Dr. Robotnik (Jim Carrey) and his plans to dominate the world. This family film also stars Tika Sumpter and Ben Schwartz as Sonic’s voice. Genres: Action, Adventure, Science Fiction, Fantasy, Comedy, Family Director: Jeff Fowler Stars: Ben Schwartz, James Marsden, Jim Carrey, Tika Sumpter, Lee Maidub Plot: Based on the Sega global game franchise, Sunny Hedgehog tells the story of the fastest hedgehog in the world when he takes over his new home on Earth. In this real-time comedy adventure, Sonic and his new best friend will defend the evil genius planet of Doctor Robotnik and his plans to dominate the world. COPIA MEDIAINFO Container = Mariner (mkv) Duration = 01:30 File size = 847MB – video Codec Information = AVC | V_MPEG4 / ISO / AVC Resolution = 720×384 Display AR = | Bit = Framerate = VFR color space = YUV Color subsystem = 4: 2: 0 Encoder = x264 – kernel 157 – audio Codec information = AAC | A_AAC-2 Channels = 2 Bit = sample = kHz Language = English SCREEN.
DOUBLE TOASTED FOREVER. Sonic Ha'secretariat. Sonic has two eyes. Sonic ha& 39;seretti. Sonic has red bull slush. Sonic Ha'secret story 3. Sonic ha'sereti. Sonic Ha'secret. Sonic havertown pa. 14 feb couples : I love u etc Me: sonic. Sonic the Hedgehog Created by Sonic Team Original work Sonic the Hedgehog (1991) Owned by Sega Print publications Book(s) Printed media list Comics See Comic book list Films and television Film(s) 2020 film Short film(s) Web series list Animated series Animated series list Games Video game(s) Sonic the Hedgehog video game series Sega All-Stars Super Smash Bros. Official website www. sonicthehedgehog Sonic the Hedgehog [a] is a Japanese video game series and media franchise created by Sonic Team and owned by Sega. The franchise centers on Sonic, an anthropomorphic blue hedgehog who battles the evil Doctor Eggman, a mad scientist. The main Sonic the Hedgehog games are platformers developed by Sonic Team; other games, developed by various studios, include spin-offs set in the racing, fighting, party and sports genres. The franchise also incorporates printed media, animations, a 2020 feature film, and merchandise. The first Sonic game, released in 1991 for the Sega Genesis, was developed after Sega requested a new mascot character to replace Alex Kidd and compete with Nintendo 's mascot Mario. Its success helped Sega become one of the leading video game companies during the 16-bit era of the early 1990s. Sega Technical Institute developed the next three Sonic games in addition to Sonic Spinball (1993). After a hiatus during the unsuccessful Saturn era, the first major 3D Sonic game, Sonic Adventure, was released in 1998 for the Dreamcast. Sega exited the console market and shifted to third-party development in 2001, continuing the series on Nintendo, Xbox, and PlayStation systems. While Sonic games often have unique game mechanics and stories, they feature recurring elements such as the ring-based health system, locations, and speedy gameplay. Games typically feature Sonic setting out to stop Eggman's schemes for world domination, and the player navigates levels that include springs, slopes, bottomless pits, and vertical loops. While Sonic and Eggman were the only characters introduced in the first game, the series would go on to have a large cast of characters; some, such as Miles "Tails" Prower, Knuckles the Echidna, and Shadow the Hedgehog, starred in self-titled spin-offs. The franchise has also been represented in crossovers such as Sega All-Stars and Nintendo's Super Smash Bros. series. Sonic the Hedgehog is Sega's flagship franchise and one of the bestselling video game franchises, selling 89 million by March 2011 and grossing over $5 billion by 2014. Series sales and free-to-play mobile game downloads totaled 920 million by 2019. The Genesis Sonic games have been described as representative of the culture of the 1990s and listed among the greatest of all time. Although later games have been criticized for a perceived decline in quality over the years, Sonic is influential in the video game industry and is frequently referenced in popular culture. Development Conception and Genesis games (1991—1995) In 1990, Sega of Japan president Hayao Nakayama decided Sega needed a flagship series and mascot to compete with Nintendo 's Mario series. Nintendo had recently released Super Mario Bros. 3, at the time the bestselling video game ever. Sega's strategy had been based on porting its successful arcade games to its 16-bit console, the Genesis; however, Nakayama recognized that Sega needed a star character in a game that could demonstrate the power of the hardware of the Sega Genesis. [1] Sega's mascot, Alex Kidd, was considered too similar to Mario. [2] Some sources indicate that an internal contest was held to determine a new mascot, [3] [4] although designer Hirokazu Yasuhara said the instruction was given to only him, artist Naoto Ohshima, and programmer Yuji Naka. [5] Regardless, the winning character was a teal hedgehog created by Ohshima. [3] The gameplay of Sonic the Hedgehog originated with a tech demo created by Naka, who had developed an algorithm that allowed a sprite to move smoothly on a curve by determining its position with a dot matrix. Naka's prototype was a platform game that involved a fast-moving character rolling in a ball through a long winding tube, a concept fleshed out with Ohshima's character design and levels conceived by Yasuhara. [6] Sonic's color was chosen to match Sega's cobalt blue logo, and his shoes evolved from a design inspired by Michael Jackson 's boots; the red shoe color was inspired by Santa Claus and the cover of Jackson's 1987 album Bad. His personality was based on Bill Clinton 's "can-do" attitude. [7] [8] [9] [10] The antagonist, Doctor Eggman, was another character Ohshima had designed as a potential protagonist. The development team thought the rejected design was excellent and retooled the character into a villain. [11] The team took the name Sonic Team for the game's release. [12] Although Sega of America CEO Michael Katz and Sega of America's marketing experts were certain that Sonic would not catch on with American children, [13] [14] Katz's replacement, Tom Kalinske, arranged to place Sonic the Hedgehog as the pack-in game with the Genesis. [15] [16] Featuring speedy gameplay, Sonic the Hedgehog greatly increased the popularity of the Sega Genesis in North America [17] and is credited with helping Sega gain 65% of the market share against Nintendo. [7] Naka was dissatisfied with his treatment at Sega and felt he received little credit for his involvement in the success. He quit but was hired by Mark Cerny to work at the US-based Sega Technical Institute (STI), with a higher salary and more creative freedom. Yashura also decided to move to STI. [18] [17] STI began work on Sonic the Hedgehog 2 in November 1991. [18] Level artist Yasushi Yamaguchi designed Sonic's new sidekick, Tails, a flying two-tailed fox inspired by the mythological kitsune. [3] Like its predecessor, Sonic the Hedgehog 2 was a major success, but its development suffered from the language barrier and cultural differences between the Japanese and American developers. [19] While STI developed Sonic 2, Ohshima led a team in Japan to create Sonic CD for the Sega CD. [20] Once development on Sonic 2 concluded, Cerny departed and was replaced by Roger Hector. Under Hector, STI was divided into two teams: the Japanese developers led by Naka, and the American developers. [19] The Japanese began work on Sonic the Hedgehog 3 and Sonic & Knuckles. [21] The two were intended to be one large game, but time was limited due to an impending promotion with McDonald's, and cartridges were too small to contain the team's vision. [22] The games introduced Sonic's rival Knuckles, created by artist Takashi Thomas Yuda. [23]: 51; 233 When Sega management realized Sonic the Hedgehog 3 would not be completed in time for the 1993 holiday shopping season, it commissioned the American team to make a new game, the spin-off Sonic Spinball. [24] Following the release of Sonic & Knuckles in 1994, Yasuhara quit Sega and Naka returned to Japan, having been offered a role as a producer. [12] He was reunited with Ohshima and brought with him Takashi Iizuka, [25] who had worked with Naka's team at STI. [21] A number of Sonic games were developed for Sega's 8-bit consoles, the Master System and the handheld Game Gear. The first, an 8-bit version of the original Sonic, was developed by Ancient to promote the Game Gear and released in December 1991. [26] Aspect Co. developed most of the subsequent 8-bit Sonic games, beginning with a version of Sonic 2. [27] Other Sonic games released during this period include Dr. Robotnik's Mean Bean Machine (a Western localization of the Japanese puzzle game Puyo Puyo), [28] SegaSonic the Hedgehog (an arcade game), [29] and Knuckles' Chaotix (a spin-off for the Genesis's 32X add-on starring Knuckles). [30] Saturn (1996—1998) In 1996, towards the end of the Genesis' lifecycle, Sega released Sonic 3D Blast, an isometric game, [31] as the system still had a large install base. [32] In Japan, Sonic Team was developing a new intellectual property, [12] Nights into Dreams (1996), for Sega's 32-bit Saturn console, so 3D Blast was outsourced to the British studio Traveller's Tales. [33] While 3D Blast sold well, [32] [34] it was criticized for its gameplay, controls, and slow pace. [35] [36] [37] Meanwhile, in America, STI worked on Sonic X-treme, a 3D Sonic game for the Saturn intended for the 1996 holiday shopping season. Development was hindered by disputes between Sega of America and Japan, Naka's refusal to let STI use the Nights into Dreams game engine, and problems adapting the series to 3D. After two lead developers became ill, X-treme was canceled. [38] [39] With X-treme 's cancellation, Sega ported 3D Blast to the Saturn [40] [41] with updated graphics and bonus levels developed by Sonic Team. [42] [43] In 1997, Sega announced "Project Sonic", a promotional campaign aimed at increasing market awareness of and renewing excitement for the Sonic brand. The first Project Sonic release, the compilation Sonic Jam, [44] included a 3D overworld used by Sonic Team to experiment with 3D Sonic gameplay. [45] Sonic Team and Traveller's Tales collaborated again on the second Project Sonic game, Sonic R, [46] a 3D racing game and the only original Sonic game for the Saturn. [47] [48] The cancellation of Sonic X-treme, as well as the Saturn's general lack of Sonic games, are considered important factors in the Saturn's commercial failure. [47] [49] According to Nick Thorpe of Retro Gamer, "by mid-1997 Sonic had essentially been shuffled into the background... it was astonishing to see that just six years after his debut, Sonic was already retro. " [50] Jump to 3D (1998—2005) With its Sonic Jam experiments, Sonic Team began developing a 3D Sonic platformer for the Saturn. The project stemmed from a proposal by Iizuka to develop a Sonic role-playing video game (RPG) with an emphasis on storytelling. Development moved to Sega's new console, the Dreamcast, which Naka believed would allow for the ultimate Sonic game. [23]: 65–67 Sonic Adventure, released in 1998, was one of the largest video games ever created at the time, [51] and introduced elements that became series staples. [52] [53] Artist Yuji Uekawa redesigned the characters to better suit 3D, with a style influenced by comics and animation. [52] Sonic Team's American division, Sonic Team USA, developed the sequel Sonic Adventure 2 (2001), designed to be more action -oriented. [54] Between the two releases, Ohshima left Sega to form Artoon. [55] While both Adventure games were well received [56] [57] and the first sold over two million copies, [58] consumer interest in the Dreamcast quickly faded, and Sega's attempts to spur sales through lower prices and cash rebates caused escalating financial losses. [59] In January 2001, Sega announced it was discontinuing the Dreamcast to become a third-party developer. [60] The following December, [61] Sega released an expanded port of Sonic Adventure 2 for Nintendo's GameCube, [62] chosen for its 56k technology. [63] Sonic Team USA also developed the first multi-platform Sonic game, Sonic Heroes (2003), for the GameCube, Microsoft 's Xbox, and Sony 's PlayStation 2. [64] The game was designed for a broad audience, [65] and Sonic Team revived elements not seen since the Genesis era, such as special stages and the Chaotix characters. [66] Reviews for Sonic Heroes were mixed; [67] while its graphics and gameplay were praised, critics felt it failed to address the problems of previous Sonic games, such as the camera. [68] [69] [70] After completing Sonic Heroes, Sonic Team USA was renamed Sega Studios USA. [12] Its next project was Shadow the Hedgehog (2005), a spin-off starring the popular Adventure 2 character Shadow. [71] [72] While Shadow retains most elements from previous Sonic games, it was aimed at a mature audience and introduced third-person shooting and nonlinear gameplay. [73] Shadow the Hedgehog was panned for its mature themes and level design, [74] [75] but was a commercial success, selling at least 1. 59 million units. [76] [77] Sega continued to release 2D Sonic games. In 1999, it collaborated with SNK to produce Sonic the Hedgehog Pocket Adventure, [78] an adaptation of Sonic 2 for the Neo Geo Pocket Color. [79] Some SNK staff went on to form Dimps the following year and developed original 2D Sonic games— Sonic Advance (2001), Sonic Advance 2 (2002), and Sonic Advance 3 (2004)—for Nintendo's Game Boy Advance (GBA). [80] [81] Sonic Advance was outsourced to Dimps because Sonic Team was understaffed with employees familiar with the GBA. [82] Dimps also developed Sonic Rush (2005) for the Nintendo DS, which uses a 2. 5D perspective. [83] [84] To introduce older games in the series to new fans, Sonic Team developed two compilations, Sonic Mega Collection (2002) and Sonic Gems Collection (2005). [85] Further spin-offs included the party game Sonic Shuffle (2000), [86] the pinball game Sonic Pinball Party (2003), [87] and the fighting game Sonic Battle (2003). [88] Seventh-generation consoles (2006—2012) For the franchise's 15th anniversary in 2006, Sonic Team developed Sonic Riders, Sonic the Hedgehog, [89] [90] and a GBA port of the original Sonic. [91] Sonic Riders, the first Sonic racing game since Sonic R, was designed to appeal to Sonic and extreme sports fans. [92] [93] With a more realistic setting than previous entries, Sonic the Hedgehog was intended to reboot the series for seventh generation consoles such as the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. [94] [95] [96] The development faced serious problems; Naka resigned as head of Sonic Team to form Prope [97] and the team split so work could begin on a Nintendo Wii Sonic game. According to Iizuka, these incidents, coupled with stringent Sega deadlines and an unpolished game engine, forced Sonic Team to rush development. [94] None of the 15th-anniversary Sonic games were successful critically, [98] [99] but Sonic the Hedgehog in particular was panned and became regarded as the worst game in the series. [100] [101] Brian Shea of Game Informer wrote that it "[became] synonymous with the struggles the Sonic the Hedgehog franchise had faced in recent years. Sonic 2006 was meant to be a return to the series' roots, but it ended up damning the franchise in the eyes of many. " [94] The first Sonic game for the Wii, Sonic and the Secret Rings (2007), takes place in the world of Arabian Nights and was released instead of a port of the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog. [102] Citing lengthy development times, Sega switched plans and conceived a game that would use the motion detection of the Wii Remote. [103] Sega released a sequel, Sonic and the Black Knight, set in the world of King Arthur, in 2009. [104] Secret Rings and Black Night form what is known as the Sonic Storybook sub-series. [105] A Sonic Riders sequel, Zero Gravity (2008), was developed for the Wii and PlayStation 2. [106] Sega collaborated with former rival Nintendo to produce Mario & Sonic, an Olympic Games -themed crossover with the Mario franchise. The first Mario & Sonic game was released in 2007 to tie in with the 2008 Summer Olympics, [107] [108] and sequels based on the 2010 Winter Olympics and the 2012 Summer Olympics were released in 2009 and 2011. [109] [110] Dimps returned to the Sonic series with Sonic Rush Adventure, a sequel to Sonic Rush, in 2007. [111] DS versions of the Mario & Sonic games were produced, [109] [112] while BioWare developed the first Sonic RPG, Sonic Chronicles: The Dark Brotherhood (2008), also for the DS. [113] Backbone Entertainment developed two Sonic games exclusive to the PlayStation Portable, Sonic Rivals (2006) and Sonic Rivals 2 (2007). [114] [115] Sonic Team began working on Sonic Unleashed (2008) in 2005. [116] It was conceived as a sequel to Adventure 2, but became a standalone entry after Sonic Team introduced innovations to separate it from the Adventure games. [117] With Unleashed, Sonic Team sought to combine the best aspects of 2D and 3D Sonic games and address criticisms of previous 3D entries, [118] [119] although reviews were mixed. [120] Following this string of poorly received Sonic games, Sonic Team refocused on speed and more traditional side-scrolling, [121] and Iizuka was installed as the head of the department. [122] [123] Sonic the Hedgehog 4, a side-scrolling episodic sequel to Sonic & Knuckles co-developed by Sonic Team and Dimps, [124] began with Episode I in 2010, [125] followed by Episode II in 2012. [126] Later in 2010, Sega released Sonic Colors for the Wii and DS, which expanded on the well received aspects of Unleashed and introduced the Wisp power-ups. [127] For the series' 20th anniversary in 2011, Sega released Sonic Generations for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, and Windows; [128] [129] a separate version was developed by Dimps for the Nintendo 3DS. [130] [131] Sonic Generations featured remakes of levels from previous Sonic games and reintroduced the "classic" Sonic design from the Genesis era. [128] [131] These efforts were better received, especially in comparison to the 2006 game and Unleashed. [121] The British studio Sumo Digital developed Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing (2010) and Sonic & All-Stars Racing Transformed (2012), crossover kart racing games featuring Sonic and other Sega franchises. [132] [133] Eighth-generation consoles (2013–present) In May 2013, Nintendo announced it was collaborating with Sega to produce three Sonic games for its Wii U and 3DS platforms. [134] The first game in the partnership, 2013's Sonic Lost World, [134] was also the first Sonic game for eighth generation hardware. [135] Sonic Lost World was designed to be streamlined and fluid in movement and design, [136] borrowing elements from Nintendo's Super Mario Galaxy games and the canceled X-treme. [137] The second was Mario & Sonic at the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games (2013) for the Wii U, the fourth Mario & Sonic game and a 2014 Winter Olympics tie-in. [134] The deal was completed in 2014 with the release of Sonic Boom: Rise of Lyric for the Wii U and Sonic Boom: Shattered Crystal for the 3DS; these games were based on the Sonic Boom television series (see Animation section). [121] [138] None of the games were well received; Sonic Lost World polarized critics, [139] while critics found Mario & Sonic at the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games mediocre [140] and panned the Sonic Boom games. [121] Nonetheless, the fifth Mario & Sonic game, Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, and Sonic Boom: Fire & Ice, a Shattered Crystal sequel, were released in 2016. [141] [142] Sega began to release more Sonic games for mobile phones, [121] such as iOS and Android devices. After he developed a version of Sonic CD for modern consoles in 2011, Australian programmer Christian "Taxman" Whitehead collaborated with fellow Sonic fandom member Simon "Stealth" Thomley to develop remasters of the original Sonic the Hedgehog and Sonic the Hedgehog 2 for iOS and Android, which were released in 2013. [143] The remasters were developed using Whitehead's Retro Engine, an engine tailored for 2D projects, [143] and their upgrades received considerable praise. [144] [145] Sonic Dash (2013), a Temple Run -style endless runner, [146] was developed by Hardlight [147] and was downloaded over 100 million times by 2015, [148] and received a Sonic Boom -themed sequel that year. [149] Sonic Team released Sonic Runners, its first game for mobile devices, in 2015. [150] Sonic Runners was also an endless runner, [150] but was unsuccessful [151] and discontinued a year after release. [152] Gameloft released a sequel, Sonic Runners Adventure, in 2017 to generally positive reviews. [153] [154] At the San Diego Comic-Con in July 2016, Sega announced two Sonic games to coincide with the series' 25th anniversary: Sonic Mania and Sonic Forces. [155] Both were released for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, and Windows in 2017. [156] [157] Sonic Mania was developed by the independent game developers PagodaWest Games and Headcannon with a staff comprising members of the Sonic fandom; Whitehead conceived the project and served as director. [158] The game, which emulates the gameplay and visuals of the Genesis entries, was hailed as a return to form for the franchise. [159] [160] [161] Meanwhile, Sonic Team developed Sonic Forces, which revives the dual gameplay of Sonic Generations along with a third gameplay style featuring the player's custom character. [162] [163] Sonic Forces received mixed reviews, [164] with criticism directed at its short length. [162] [165] [166] At SXSW in March 2019, Iizuka confirmed a new mainline Sonic game was in development, although he did not specify any details. [167] Additionally, Sumo Digital developed another Sonic kart racing game, Team Sonic Racing (2019). Unlike its predecessors, Team Sonic Racing only features Sonic characters, as Sumo Digital wanted to expand the series' world and character roster. [132] [133] [168] The Mario & Sonic series also made a return in 2019 with Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020, based on the 2020 Summer Olympics. [169] Story Sega wanted Sonic to have strong Western appeal, so Sonic Team created a backstory similar to those of characters created by Disney, Marvel, Hanna-Barbera, and Sanrio. [170] Ohshima developed a backstory with heavy American influence. In Ohshima's story, in the 1940s, there was a pilot whose peers nicknamed him "Hedgehog", and his jacket's embroidery contained an emblem with a hedgehog. The pilot married a children's book author, who wrote a story about a hedgehog based on the pilot. According to Ohshima, that story was the basis of the original Sonic the Hedgehog, and the title screen is based on the pilot's emblem. [170] When localizing the original Sonic the Hedgehog, Sega of America was given little background information regarding the game's lore by the Japanese developers, [171] and distributed an internal document that contained its "localized history and overall philosophy" for Sonic. [172] Known colloquially as the " Sonic the Hedgehog Bible ", [172] the 13-page [173] document went through multiple drafts. [171] One established that Sonic was from a family of hedgehogs that lived under a hedge in Hardly, Nebraska, and joined the town's track team after a coach noticed his speed. [172] Later drafts abandoned this story, [171] instead stating that Sonic learned his abilities from forest animals. [172] However, all three drafts establish that Eggman was benevolent and crafted Sonic's red sneakers, before he became evil in a freak accident involving a rotten egg. [172] The Sonic Bible had little lasting influence on the franchise, [173] although it heavily informed the writers of Sonic the Comic. The Japanese developers eventually integrated their backstory concepts in the games, rendering the Sonic Bible non- canon. [171] Sonic games traditionally follow Sonic's efforts to stop the mad scientist Eggman, who schemes to obtain the Chaos Emeralds—seven [b] emeralds with mystical powers. Within the Sonic lore, the Emeralds can turn thoughts into power, [175] warp time and space with a technique called Chaos Control, [176] [177] give energy to all living things, and be used to create nuclear or laser-based weaponry. [178] They typically act as MacGuffins in the games' stories. [179] Sonic & Knuckles introduced the Master Emerald, [180] which controls the power of the Chaos Emeralds. [175] Eggman seeks the Emeralds in his quest to conquer the world, and traps animals in aggressive robots and stationary metal capsules. Because Sonic Team was inspired by the culture of the 1990s, Sonic features strong environmental themes. [170] Sonic represents "nature", [170] while Eggman represents "machinery" and "development"—a play on the then-growing debate between developers and environmentalists. [181] Characters The Sonic franchise is known for its large cast of characters; [182] Sonic the Fighters (1996) producer Yu Suzuki jokingly said that anyone who makes a Sonic game has the duty to create new characters. [183] The first game introduced Sonic, a blue hedgehog who can run at incredible speeds, and Eggman, a rotund mad scientist who designs robots and seeks the Chaos Emeralds. [4] During the Genesis era, Eggman was referred to by his surname, Robotnik, in Western territories. [184] The name change, instituted by Sega of America's Dean Sitton, [172] was made without consulting the Japanese developers, who did not want a single character to have two different names. Since Sonic Adventure, the character has been referred to as Eggman in all territories. [184] Much of the series' core cast was introduced in the succeeding games for the Genesis and its add-ons. Sonic 2 introduced Sonic's sidekick Miles "Tails" Prower, a yellow fox who can fly using his two tails. [185] Sonic CD introduced Amy Rose, a pink hedgehog and Sonic's self-proclaimed girlfriend, and Metal Sonic, a robotic doppelgänger of Sonic created by Eggman. [186] Sonic 3 introduced Sonic's rival Knuckles, a red echidna and the guardian of the Master Emerald, [187] while Knuckles' Chaotix introduced the Chaotix, a group comprising Espio the Chameleon, Vector the Crocodile, and Charmy Bee. [188] A number of characters introduced during this period, such as Mighty the Armadillo and Ray the Flying Squirrel from SegaSonic the Hedgehog and Fang the Sniper from Sonic Triple Trouble (1994), faded into obscurity, although they sometimes reappear. [29] [189] During Sonic Adventure 's development, Sonic Team discovered that the characters' designs from the Genesis games, which were relatively simple, did not suit a 3D environment. As such, the art style was modernized to alter the characters' proportions and make them appeal to Western audiences. [52] Since Sonic Adventure, the series' cast has expanded considerably. [182] Notable characters introduced in or following Sonic Adventure include Big, [190] a large cat who fishes for his pet frog; [191] [192] the E-100 Series of robots; [193] Shadow, a brooding black hedgehog; [190] Rouge, a treasure-hunting bat; [194] Blaze, a cat from an alternate dimension; [195] and Silver, a telekinetic hedgehog from the future. [190] The series also features two fictional species: Chao, which function as digital pets and minor gameplay elements, [196] and Wisps, which function as power-ups. [197] Some Sonic characters have headlined spin-off games. Eggman is the featured character of Dr. Robotnik's Mean Bean Machine, a Western localization of Puyo Puyo. Sega chose to replace the Puyo Puyo characters with those from the Sonic franchise because it feared the product would not be popular with a Western audience. [198] In 1995, Sega released two Game Gear spin-offs featuring Tails— Tails' Skypatrol (a scrolling shooter) and Tails Adventure (a Metroidvania game) [199] [200] —and the Knuckles-oriented Knuckles' Chaotix for the 32X. [30] 2005's Shadow the Hedgehog was developed in response to the Shadow character's popularity and to introduce "gun action" gameplay to the franchise. [201] Iizuka has commented that future spin-offs, such as sequels to Knuckles' Chaotix and Shadow the Hedgehog or a Big the Cat game, remain possibilities. [202] [203] Gameplay The Sonic series is characterized by speed-based platforming gameplay. [182] Controlling the player character, the player navigates a series of levels at high speeds while jumping between platforms and avoiding obstacles. [204] The series contains both 2D and 3D games. [205] 2D entries generally feature simple, pinball-like gameplay [204] [206] —with jumping and attacking controlled by a single button [207] —and branching level paths that require memorization to maintain speed. [204] [206] Meanwhile, 3D entries tend to be more linear in design, [206] feature various level objectives, [208] different movesets, [206] and allow players to upgrade and customize the playable character. [208] [209] Most games since Sonic Unleashed blend 2D and 3D gameplay, with the camera shifting between side-scrolling and third-person perspectives. [127] [210] One distinctive game mechanic of Sonic games are collectible golden rings spread throughout levels, [211] which act as a form of health. [212] Players possessing rings can survive upon sustaining damage, but the rings are scattered and the player has a short amount of time to re-collect some of them before they disappear. [211] [213] Collecting 100 rings usually rewards the player an extra life. [208] [213] Rings have other uses in certain games, such as currency in the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog, [209] restoring health bars in Sonic Unleashed, [214] or improving statistics in Sonic Riders. [215] Levels in Sonic games feature elements such as slopes, bottomless pits, and vertical loops. [4] [216] Springs, springboards, and dash panels are scattered throughout and catapult the player at high speeds in a particular direction. [217] Players' progress in levels is saved through passing checkpoints. [218] Checkpoints serve other uses in various games, such as entering bonus stages. [213] Some level locales, most notably Green Hill Zone, recur throughout the series. [219] The series contains numerous power-ups, which are held in boxes that appear throughout levels. [220] An icon indicates what it contains, and the player releases the item by destroying the box. [221] Common items in boxes include rings, a shield, invincibility, high speed, and extra lives. [58] [221] Sonic Colors introduced the Wisps, a race of extraterrestrial creatures that act as power-ups. Each Wisp has its own special ability corresponding to its color; for instance, yellow Wisps allow players to drill underground and find otherwise inaccessible areas. [222] In most Sonic games, the goal is to collect the Chaos Emeralds; [174] [223] the player is required to collect them all to defeat Eggman and achieve the games' good endings. [174] [224] Sonic games that do not feature the Chaos Emeralds, such as Sonic CD, feature different collectibles that otherwise function the same. [225] Some games require the player to find the Emeralds by entering portals, [224] opening portals using 50 rings, [226] or scouting them within levels themselves. [227] By collecting the Emeralds, players are rewarded with their characters' "Super" form and can activate it by collecting 50 rings in a stage. The Super transformations grant the player character more speed, a farther jump, and invincibility, but their ring count drains by the second; the transformation lasts until all the rings have been used. [228] [229] Sonic games often share basic gameplay, but some have game mechanics that distinguish them from others. For instance, Knuckles' Chaotix is similar to previous entries in the series, but introduces a partner system whereby the player is connected to another character via a tether; the tether behaves like a rubber band and must be used to maneuver the characters. [188] Sonic Unleashed introduces the Werehog, a beat 'em up gameplay style in which Sonic transforms into a werewolf -like beast and must fight enemies using brute strength. [230] Both the Sonic Storybook games feature unique concepts: Secret Rings is controlled exclusively using the Wii Remote's motion detection, [231] which Black Night incorporates hack and slash gameplay. [232] While some games feature Sonic as the only playable character, [231] [233] others feature multiple, who have alternate movesets and storylines. [121] [234] For instance, in Sonic & Knuckles, Knuckles goes through the same levels as Sonic, but his story is different, he explores different parts of the levels, and certain areas are more difficult. [235] Many Sonic games contain multiplayer and cooperative gameplay, beginning with Sonic the Hedgehog 2. [188] [236] In some games, if the player chooses to control Sonic and Tails together, a second player can join in at any time and control Tails separately. [237] Sonic games also feature a competitive mode where two players compete against each other to the finish line in a split screen race. [238] Crossovers Sonic's first appearance, five months before the release of Sonic the Hedgehog, was in Sega AM3 's racing game Rad Mobile (1991) as an ornament hanging from the driver's rearview mirror. Sonic Team let AM3 use Sonic because it was interested in getting the character visible to the public. [239] Sonic appears in other Sonic Team games as a playable character in Christmas Nights (1996), [240] a power-up in Billy Hatcher and the Giant Egg (2003), [241] and in a cameo in the 2008 Wii version of Samba de Amigo (1999). [242] Sonic characters also feature in the Sega All-Stars games. [243] [244] Flicky, the blue bird from Sega's 1984 arcade game, appears in several Sonic games. [245] Since 2007, Sonic has appeared with Nintendo's mascot Mario in the Mario & Sonic series of Olympic Games tie-ins. [246] Sonic also appears as a playable character in Nintendo's Super Smash Bros. crossover fighting games, beginning with Super Smash Bros. Brawl in 2008. Alongside Solid Snake from Konami 's Metal Gear franchise, Sonic was the first non-Nintendo character to appear in Smash. [247] He was considered for inclusion in Super Smash Bros. Melee (2001), but the game was too close to completion so his introduction was delayed until Brawl. [248] He returned in the sequels Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U (2014) and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (2018). [249] [250] Shadow and Knuckles appear in Smash as non-playable characters, [251] while Tails and Knuckles costumes are available for players' Mii avatars. [252] In June 2015, characters from the Angry Birds RPG Angry Birds Epic (2014) appeared as playable characters in Sonic Dash during a three-week promotion, [253] while Sonic was added to Angry Birds Epic as a playable character the following September. [254] Similar crossovers with the Sanrio characters Hello Kitty, Badtz-Maru, My Melody, and Chococat and the Namco game Pac-Man took place in December 2016 and February 2018. [255] [256] In November 2016, a Sonic expansion pack was released for the toys-to-life game Lego Dimensions (2015); the pack includes Sonic as a playable character, in addition to Sonic levels and vehicles. [257] Music Sega director Fujio Minegishi had connections to the music industry at the time the original Sonic was in development, and suggested his friend Yūzō Kayama write the game's score. However, Sonic Team did not think Kayama's music would fit, and so commissioned Masato Nakamura, bassist and songwriter of the J-pop band Dreams Come True, to compose the soundtrack instead. [2] [258] Nakamura returned to compose Sonic 2 's soundtrack. For both games, Nakamura began composing early in development with only concept images for reference. [259] Nakamura treated Sonic as a film and designed the music around the atmosphere that he felt from the images of the stages. [260] After the original game was released, Nakamura became considerably popular in Japan; as such, his asking price increased. Dreams Come True owns the rights to Nakamura's score, which created problems when the Sonic Spinball team used the Sonic theme music without permission. [261] Two soundtracks were composed for Sonic CD: the original score, featured in the Japanese and European releases, was composed by Naofumi Hataya and Masafumi Ogata, while the one in the North American version was composed by Spencer Nilsen, David Young, and Mark Crew. The Japanese composition team drew inspiration from club music, such as house and techno, while Hataya cited C+C Music Factory, Frankie Knuckles, and the KLF as influences. [262] According to Nilsen, Sega commissioned a new soundtrack for the American release believed the marketing department felt it needed a "more rich and complex" soundtrack. [263] A number of composers contributed to the Sonic the Hedgehog 3 score, ranging from Sega sound staff [264] to independent contractors recruited so the game could be released in time. [265] American pop musician Michael Jackson, a Sonic fan, approached Sega, and he was hired to write tracks for Sonic 3. However, it is unclear if Jackson's contributions remain in the final game. According to Ohshima and Hector, Jackson's involvement was terminated and his music reworked following the first allegations of sexual abuse against him, [266] [29] but composers Doug Grigsby, Cirocco Jones, and Brad Buxer said they remained. [267] Buxer, who was Jackson's musical director, recalled Jackson chose to go uncredited because he was unhappy with how his music sounded on the Genesis, [267] and that the credits music became the basis for Jackson's 1996 single " Stranger in Moscow ". [268] Sonic 3 was the first Sonic game that Jun Senoue contributed to, [264] and, with his band Crush 40, he has composed the music for most Sonic games since Sonic 3D Blast. [c] While the Genesis Sonic soundtracks were characterized by electropop, Senoue's scores typically feature funk and rock music. [279] Additionally, Tomoya Ohtani has been the series' sound director since Sonic the Hedgehog in 2006, and was the lead composer for that game, Sonic Unleashed, Sonic Colors, Sonic Lost World, Sonic Runners, and Sonic Forces. [280] [281] Richard Jacques has composed music for a multitude of Sonic games, [282] [283] and Tee Lopes —who is known for releasing unofficial remixes of Sonic tracks on YouTube —was the lead composer for Sonic Mania [284] and a contributor to Team Sonic Racing. [285] Recent games have featured contributions from notable musicians; for instance, the main theme of the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog was performed by Ali Tabatabaee and Matty Lewis of the band Zebrahead, [286] while Hoobastank lead singer Doug Robb performed the main theme of Sonic Forces. [287] Animation Sega approached the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in 1992 about producing two television series—"a syndicated show for the after-school audience" and a Saturday-morning cartoon —based on Sonic. Kalinske "had seen how instrumental the launch of He-Man and the Masters of the Universe cartoon series was to the success of the toyline " during his time at Mattel and believed that success could be recreated using Sonic. [288] The two cartoons, the syndicated Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog (1993) and ABC's Sonic the Hedgehog (1993–1994), were produced by DIC Entertainment. DIC also produced a Sonic Christmas special in 1996 and Sonic Underground (1999–2000) to tie in with the release of Sonic Adventure. [289] [290] DIC's Sonic adaptations are generally not held in high regard. [289] [291] [292] Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog comprised 65 episodes overseen by Ren & Stimpy director Kent Butterworth, and featured slapstick humor in the vein of Looney Tunes. [293] Meanwhile, the 26-episode Sonic the Hedgehog (commonly called Sonic SatAM), [290] inspired by Batman: The Animated Series, featured a bleak setting in which Eggman had conquered the world, while Sonic was a member of a resistance force that opposed him. [293] The series was canceled after two seasons. [290] Sonic Underground was supposed to last for 65 episodes, but only 40 were produced. The series follows Sonic and his siblings Manic and Sonia, who use the power of music to fight against Eggman and reunite with their mother. [289] [290] In all three series, Sonic was voiced by Family Matters star Jaleel White. [289] In Japan, Sega and Sonic Team collaborated with Studio Pierrot to produce a Sonic original video animation (OVA). The two-episode OVA, Sonic the Hedgehog, was released direct-to-video in Japan in 1996. To coincide with Sonic Adventure 's Western release in 1999, [294] ADV Films released the OVA in North America as a 55-minute film dubbed Sonic the Hedgehog: The Movie. Sonic the Hedgehog, produced with input from Naka and Ohshima, is loosely based on Sonic CD (with certain elements borrowed from Sonic the Hedgehog 2 and 3), [289] and recounts Sonic's efforts to stop a generator taken over by Eggman from exploding and destroying their world. [295] Retrospectively, The A. V. Club 's Patrick Lee called the OVA "the only cartoon to adapt the look, sound, and feel of the Sonic games", with scenes and music that closely resemble the source material. [289] Sonic X, an anime series produced by TMS Entertainment and overseen by Naka, ran for three seasons (78 episodes) from 2003 to 2006. [289] [296] While previous series' episodes simply had self-contained plots, Sonic X told a single story that spanned the series' run. [289] In it, the Sonic cast teleports from their home planet to Earth during a scuffle with Eggman, where they meet a human boy, Chris Thorndyke. Throughout the course of the series, Sonic and his friends attempt to return to their world while fighting Eggman. The second season adapts the Sonic Adventure games and Sonic Battle, while the third season sees the friends return with Chris to their world, where they enter outer space and fight an army of aliens. [289] [296] Although Sonic X divided critics [297] and suffered from poor ratings in Japan, [296] it consistently topped ratings for its timeslot in the US and France. [298] [299] Sonic Boom, a computer-animated series produced by Sega and Genao Productions, [300] premiered on Cartoon Network in November 2014. [301] It features a satirical take on the Sonic mythos, [290] and the franchise's cast was redesigned for it. [301] According to Iizuka, Sonic Boom came about as a desire to appeal more to Western audiences, and it runs parallel with the main Sonic franchise. [302] To promote the release of Sonic Mania Plus, a five-part series of animated shorts was released on the Sonic the Hedgehog YouTube channel between March 30 and July 17, 2018. The series depicts Sonic's return to his world following the events of Sonic Forces, teaming up with his friends to prevent Eggman and Metal Sonic from collecting the Chaos Emeralds and Master Emerald. [303] The shorts were written and directed by Tyson Hesse, with animation by Neko Productions and music by Tee Lopes. [304] Similarly, Hesse and Neko Productions produced a two-part animated series to tie in with the release of Team Sonic Racing in 2019. [167] Sonic and Tails also appeared as guest stars in OK K. O.! Let's Be Heroes in August 2019. [305] Comics A Sonic the Hedgehog manga series was published in Shogakukan 's Shogaku Yonensei magazine, beginning in 1992. Written by Kenji Terada and illustrated by Sango Norimoto, it followed a sweet but cowardly young hedgehog named Nicky whose alter ego was the cocky, heroic Sonic. [306] According to character artist Kazuyuki Hoshino, the manga was part of Sega of Japan's promotional strategy to appeal to primary school children. [307] The Sonic design team worked with Shogakukan to create new characters; Amy Rose and Charmy Bee originated in the manga before appearing in the games. [29] [307] The longest-running Sonic -based publication is the 290-issue Sonic the Hedgehog, an American comic book published by Archie Comics from 1993 until its cancellation in 2017. [308] Archie also published a number of spin-offs, such as Knuckles the Echidna (1997–2000) and Sonic Universe (2009–2017). Archie's comic drew its premise from the Sonic the Hedgehog television series, with Sonic and a resistance force fighting the dictator Eggman. [308] Originally written as a "straightforward lighthearted action-comedy", Sonic the Hedgehog became more dramatic after Ken Penders began writing it with issue #11. [309] Penders remained the head writer for the following 150 issues, and developed an elaborate lore unique to the series. Ian Flynn became head writer in 2006 and remained until the series' cancellation. [309] Following a lawsuit by Penders for ownership of characters he created, in 2013 the series was rebooted, [309] [310] leaving only characters introduced in the games or which predated Penders' run. [309] At the time of its cancellation, Archie's Sonic the Hedgehog was the longest-running American comic book to never be relaunched, [309] and in 2008 was recognized by Guinness World Records as the longest-running comic based on a video game. [311] While Archie planned to publish at least four issues beyond #290, in January 2017 the series went on an abrupt hiatus, [309] and in July, Sega announced it was ending its business relationship with Archie in favor of a new partnership with IDW Publishing. [308] IDW's Sonic comic began in April 2018. Although the creative teams from the Archie series, such as Flynn, returned, the IDW series is set in a different continuity. Flynn said the IDW series differs from the Archie comic in that it draws from the games for stories, with the first story arc set after the events of Sonic Forces. [312] Fans continued the Archie series unofficially, including finishing unpublished issues. [310] Sonic the Comic, a British comic published by Fleetway Publications, lasted for 223 issues from 1993 to 2002; contributors included Richard Elson, Nigel Kitching, Andy Diggle, and Nigel Dobbyn, among others. Sonic the Comic featured Sonic stories aimed at children, in addition to news and review sections. Although it adapted the events of the games, the writers established their own lore. The final story arc was a loose adaptation of Sonic Adventure in 2000, but the series continued until 2002; the last 39 issues were reprints of old stories. Following the series' cancellation, fans started Sonic the Comic Online, an unofficial webcomic that continues the stories. [313] Live-action film Efforts to adapt Sonic to film began in August 1994, when Sega of America signed a deal with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures and Trilogy Entertainment to produce a live-action animated film to tie in with Sonic X-treme. In May 1995, screenwriter Richard Jefferies pitched a treatment, Sonic the Hedgehog: Wonders of the World, to Sega. The treatment saw Sonic and Eggman escaping from Sonic X-treme into the real world, and Sonic collaborated with a boy to stop Eggman. However, none of the companies could agree, so the film was canceled. Jeffries, with permission from Sega, pitched his treatment to DreamWorks Animation, but was rejected. [288] In 2013, Sony Pictures Entertainment acquired the film rights to Sonic the Hedgehog, [314] and in June 2014 announced it would produce a Sonic film as a joint venture with Sega's Marza Animation Planet. [315] Neal H. Moritz was attached to produce under his Original Film banner, alongside Takeshi Ito, Mie Onishi, and Toru Nakahara. [315] In February 2016, Sega CEO Hajime Satomi stated the film was scheduled for 2018. [316] Blur Studio 's Tim Miller and Jeff Fowler were hired the following October to develop the film; Fowler would make his feature directorial debut, while both would executive produce. [317] In October 2017, Paramount Pictures acquired the rights after Sony put the film into turnaround. However, most of the production team remained unchanged, [318] and principal photography began in September 2018 in Ladysmith, British Columbia. [319] The film, written by Patrick Casey and Josh Miller, [317] [320] follows Sonic (voiced by Ben Schwartz) as he journeys to San Francisco with a small-town cop ( James Marsden) so he can escape Eggman ( Jim Carrey) and collect his missing rings. Additional cast members include Tika Sumpter, Adam Pally, and Neal McDonough, [321] while Colleen Villard reprises her voice role as Tails from the games for a mid-credits scene cameo. [322] [323] Sonic was initially redesigned so he would be more realistic, with fur, new running shoes, two separate eyes, and a more humanlike physique. [324] [325] The production team used Ted, the living teddy bear from the Ted films, as a reference to insert a CG character into a real-world setting. [324] Sonic's redesign was met with heavy backlash; [326] [327] [328] it was criticized for not resembling the one from the games and described as evoking an uncanny valley -type of repulsive response from viewers. [329] As such, the design was revised so it would better resemble the original. [330] Paramount originally scheduled Sonic the Hedgehog for a November 8, 2019 release, [331] but delayed it to February 14, 2020, to accommodate the redesign. [332] The film received generally positive reviews from critics, who felt it exceeded the low expectations typically associated with video game-based films; Carrey's performance in particular was praised. [333] Criticism was directed at a perceived lack of originality or ambition, [334] and while Sonic's second redesign was praised, some felt it set a negative precedent for the film industry by giving fans the power to influence the filmmakers. [335] Against an estimated budget of $81–95 million, [336] [337] the film has grossed over $295 million worldwide, [338] [339] making it the second-highest-grossing film of 2020, and set records for a video game-based film during its opening weekend. [340] Merchandise A considerable amount of licensed Sonic -themed merchandise is available; such items include books, clothing, accessories, soundtracks, and toys such as figures and plushes. [341] [342] [343] First4Figures has produced a large number of vinyl and resin Sonic figures since 2008. [344] [345] In January 2012, Sega, alongside RHM Solutions, opened an online Sonic store, [341] and PlayStation Gear added Sonic items to its lineup in December 2017. [346] Reception and legacy The Sonic platformers released during the 1990s were widely acclaimed and have been listed among the greatest video games of all time. [347] [348] [349] Sonic was touted as a faster, cooler alternative to Nintendo's contemporary Mario game, Super Mario World (1990). [182] According to Kotaku 's Zolani Stewart, Sonic's rebellious character was representative of the culture of the 1990s, "when the idea of individual rebellion seemed inextricably linked to consumer culture". [350] Writing in The Guardian, Keith Stuart observed that Sonic the Hedgehog ' s emphasis on speed departed from accepted precepts of game design, requiring that players "learn through repetition rather than observation" as "the levels aren't designed to be seen or even understood in one playthrough... Sonic is incorrect game design and yet... it's a masterpiece. " [204] Sonic 2, Sonic CD, Sonic 3, and Sonic & Knuckles were praised for building on the first game's formula; [351] [352] [353] [354] in 1996, Next Generation described the Genesis games as "the zeitgeist of the 16-bit era". [349] After the uneventful Saturn era, the series found renewed popularity during the sixth generation of video game consoles. Sonic Adventure, though criticized for its glitches and camera system, was acclaimed for its visuals, spectacle, and varied gameplay; [355] [356] [357] Sonic Adventure 2 was met with similar praise. [272] [358] [359] However, journalists began to feel the series was straying from its roots, with some commenting that Sonic Adventure failed to reinvent Sonic for the 3D era as Super Mario 64 (1996) had for Mario. [350] [360] [206] Stewart argued that Sonic Adventure 's addition of voice acting and greater focus on plot changed Sonic into "a flat, lifeless husk of a character, who spits out slogans and generally has only one personality mode, the radical attitude dude, the sad recycled image of vague '90s cultural concept". [350] Edwin Evans-Thirlwell of Eurogamer agreed, writing that Mario's "plucky earnestness and whimsy will always enjoy a longer shelf-life than [Sonic's] over-compensatory edginess". [206] After the Dreamcast, the series' critical standing began to decline. Evans-Thirlwell summarized further 3D Sonic games as "20-odd years of slowly accumulating bullshit". [206] Although reviews for Sonic Heroes were mostly favorable, [121] Stewart said this was when the focus on story and cutscenes became unbearable. [350] The decline continued with Shadow the Hedgehog —widely criticized as a misguided attempt to bring a sense of maturity to the franchise [74] [75] [361] —and reached its climax with the critically panned 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog reboot. [94] Sonic Mania developer Christian Whitehead said that the changes to the Sonic formula "stemmed from a — perhaps misplaced — desire to continue to push Sonic as a AAA brand". [121] Journalists, Whitehead, and Sega of America marketing director Al Nilsen criticized the number of characters added to the series, [121] [182] although Naka justified the additions as necessary to please fans. [362] Evans-Thirlwell argued that Sonic Team had never successfully translated the momentum-based gameplay of the Genesis games to 3D, and that unlike Mario, Sonic never had a 3D "transcendental hit". [206] Furthermore, Simon Parkin of The Guardian noted that whereas Mario creator Shigeru Miyamoto reviews every Mario game prior to release, the individuals who shaped Sonic (Naka, Ohshima, and Cerny) left Sega. [210] Despite the critical decline, Dimps' side-scrolling Sonic games for the GBA and DS were consistently praised. [363] Writing for Destructoid, Jim Sterling said: "Hyperbole states that we haven't had a good Sonic game since Sonic Adventure, which really betrays how much we gamers ignore the handheld market... Sonic Advance and the Sonic Rush games have often ranged from decent to superb, which makes one wonder why Dimps is the 'B' team and the inferior Sonic Team is the 'A' team. " [364] In the wake of the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog, Brett Elston of GamesRadar+ said that Sonic Rush Adventure "managed to keep the [series'] spirit alive". [365] While Sonic Unleashed was criticized for its addition of beat 'em up gameplay, which IGN 's Hilary Goldstein bemoaned had "nothing to do with Sonic whatsoever", [230] its speed-based platforming levels were widely praised; critics suggested that the game would have been better received if it had focused on them. [366] [367] [368] In October 2010, Sega delisted Sonic games with average or below-average scores on the review aggregator website Metacritic, to increase the value of the brand and avoid confusing customers. [369] That month, Sonic the Hedgehog 4: Episode I was released to general praise, [370] with Goldstein summarizing it as "short but sweet and well worth downloading". [371] Sonic Colors, released shortly afterward, was hailed as a return to form for the series, [372] [373] [374] as was 2011's Sonic Generations. [375] [376] However, Evans-Thirlwell, while considering Sonic Generations the best 3D Sonic game, also called it "an admission of defeat" for depicting the 2D and 3D incarnations of Sonic "together only to remind us of their profound differences". [206] Sonic Lost World was released in 2013 to more mixed reviews, with some critics considering it a fresh take on the Sonic formula and others a poorly designed mess, [139] while the two Sonic Boom games received widespread negative reviews. [377] [378] Both became the worst-selling games in Sonic history, selling only 490, 000 copies combined by February 2015. [379] That year, Iizuka admitted that Sonic Team had prioritized shipping games over quality and did not have enough involvement in third-party Sonic games such as Sonic Boom. [121] Sega CEO Haruki Satomi acknowledged that Sega in general had "partially betrayed" the trust of the longtime fans and hoped to focus on quality over quantity. [380] In June 2015, the Sonic public relations manager Aaron Webber took charge of the series' Twitter account. Under Webber, the account, @sonic_hedgehog, became renowned for posting internet memes and making self-deprecating comments about the Sonic franchise's critical decline. According to Allegra Frank of Polygon, Webber "had an important effect on the franchise, cultivating a new persona for the character, one that has created a renewed sense of hope". [381] The announcement of Sonic Mania in 2016 brought further hope for the Sonic franchise's future. Journalists described it as a true continuation of the Genesis games, succeeding where previous Sonic games—such as Sonic Rush and Sonic 4 —had failed. [382] [383] [384] It became the best-reviewed Sonic game in 15 years upon its August 2017 release; [385] Matt Espineli of GameSpot summarized it "exceed[ing] expectations of what a new game in the franchise can look and play like, managing to simultaneously be a charming celebration of the past and a natural progression of the series' classic 2D formula. " [386] Many called it one of the best games in the series and expressed excitement for Sonic 's future, [386] [160] [161] although Sonic Forces received mixed reviews when it was released a few months later. [164] Sales Sonic the Hedgehog is one of the bestselling video game franchises. The series' cumulative sales reached 89 million units by March 2011 and over 100. 54 million units as of 2019. [d] The Sonic the Hedgehog video games grossed over $5 billion in sales by 2014, [395] in addition to the Mario & Sonic series grossing $1. 25 billion as of 2019. [389] The sum of series sales and free-to-play mobile game downloads have totaled 920 million units as of 2019. [396] Effect on the industry Primarily because of its Genesis bundling, Sonic the Hedgehog contributed greatly to the console's popularity in North America. [17] Between October and December 1991, the Genesis outsold its chief competitor, Nintendo's Super Nintendo Entertainment System, by a two-to-one ratio; at its January 1992 peak Sega held 65 percent of the market for 16-bit consoles. [7] Although Nintendo eventually reclaimed the number-one position, it was the first time since December 1985 that Nintendo did not lead the console market. [430] According to, "Sonic single handedly turned the course of the 16-bit console wars, " helping Sega "[become] the dominant player for several years following" and contributing to the company's transformation into "the industry giant it is today. " [17] During the 16-bit era, Sonic inspired similar platformers starring animal mascots, including Bubsy, [431] Aero the Acro-Bat, [17] James Pond 3, [432] Earthworm Jim, [433] and Zero the Kamikaze Squirrel. [434] "Animal with attitude" games carried over to the 3D era, with the developers of Crash Bandicoot and Gex citing Sonic as a major inspiration. [435] [436] [437] Thorpe commented that "it's hard to keep track of how many programmers have cited [ Sonic the Hedgehog] as a bar against which they have measured their own work", [21] while Phil Hornshaw of Complex noted that "very few" managed to generate the same success as Sonic. [438] Regarding the series' influence on the video game industry, Thorpe wrote: Every E3 conference dig can be traced back to the console war that truly fired up when Sonic and Mario were put side by side. Every time console games have pushed to obtain an older target age group, that's something that Sonic was on the leading edge of — and broadening demographics has been important to the growth of the games industry, whether for reasons of content... or appeal... Five years prior to the co-ordinated international launch of Sonic 2, your gaming experience depended heavily on where you lived... These days, with same-day global launches and region-free consoles, that seems like a lifetime ago. And of course, every time you buy DLC, you might want to spare a thought for Sonic & Knuckles. And, of course, all of that is to say nothing of the legion of mascot platform games that came in the wake of the Sonic series. [21] Cultural impact One of the world's most popular video game characters, by 1992 Sonic was considered more recognizable to children than Disney's Mickey Mouse. In 1993, Sonic became the first video game character to have a balloon in Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, [17] and was one of the four characters inducted on the Walk of Game in 2005, alongside Mario, Link, and Master Chief. [439] One of a class of genes involved in fruit fly embryonic development, called hedgehog genes, was named " sonic hedgehog " after the character. [440] Additionally, a Japanese team developing the Radio & Plasma Wave Investigation (RPWI) instrumentation for the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer spacecraft, to be launched by ESA and Airbus in 2022, received approval to use Sonic as the mascot. [441] Sonic and Eggman appear as minor characters in the Walt Disney Animation Studios films Wreck-It Ralph (2012) and Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018), [442] [443] while Sonic makes a cameo in Steven Spielberg 's Ready Player One (2018). [444] Sonic is known for its eccentric and passionate fandom, which produces unofficial media including fangames, fan fiction, modifications and ROM hacks of existing games, fan films, and fan art. Caty McCarthy of USGamer noted that many fans have continued to support the series in spite of poorly received games like the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog, and credited the fandom with helping maintain public interest in the franchise. [445] Notable Sonic fangames include Sonic: After the Sequel (2013), set between the events of Sonic the Hedgehog 2 and 3, [446] and Sonic Dreams Collection (2015), which satirizes the series' fandom. [447] Sonic Mania 's development team included individuals who had worked on Sonic ROM hacks and fangames, [445] while Iizuka said the character customization system in Sonic Forces was implemented because he wanted to give Sonic fans the opportunity to play as their original characters. [448] Celebrity fans include horror film director John Carpenter, [449] actress Lacey Chabert (who voiced a character in the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog), [450] and wrestler and actor Dwayne Johnson. [451] Sonic has inspired various internet memes, [452] [453] which have been acknowledged by Sega and referenced in games. [454] [455] "Sanic hegehog", a crude Sonic drawn in Microsoft Paint, originated in 2010; [456] typically, the meme uses one of Sonic's catchphrases but with poor grammar. [457] The Sonic Twitter account has made numerous references to it, [457] [458] and it appeared in official downloadable content for Sonic Forces on in-game shirts [457] [459] and as a visual gag in the Sonic the Hedgehog film. [212] Sanic also inspired similar memes and parodies, and was described by William Moo of Syfy Wire as "perfect proof of the twisted love and appreciation many have" for Sonic. [457] In January 2018, players flooded the virtual reality game VRChat with avatars depicting "Ugandan Knuckles", a deformed version of Knuckles the Echidna. The character stemmed from a 2017 review of Sonic Lost World by YouTube user Gregzilla, as well as fans of PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds streamer Forsen, who often reference the African country Uganda. [460] [461] The Ugandan Knuckles meme was controversial for its perceived racial insensitivity, [460] and the creator of the avatar expressed regret over how it was used. [462] In response, the Sonic Twitter encouraged players to respect others and donate to a Ugandan charity through GlobalGiving. [454] Notes ^ Japanese: ソニック・ザ・ヘッジホッグ Hepburn: Sonikku za Hejjihoggu ^ In the original Sonic the Hedgehog, there are only six Chaos Emeralds. [174] ^ Senoue was the primary composer for Sonic 3D Blast (1996), [269] Sonic Adventure (1998), [270] [271] Sonic Adventure 2 (2001), [272] Sonic Heroes (2003), [273] Shadow the Hedgehog (2005), [274] Sonic and the Black Knight (2009), [275] Sonic the Hedgehog 4 (2010 and 2012), [276] Sonic Generations (2011), [277] and Team Sonic Racing (2019). [278] ^ a b The Sonic franchise had sold 70 million units (89 million including the Mario & Sonic series) by March 2011. 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January 2002. p. 117. ^ Cifaldi, Frank (October 3, 2005). "Playing Catch-Up: Bubsy's Michael Berlyn". Retrieved November 17, 2019. ^ Edge staff (August 25, 2010). "Making Of: James Pond II – Robocod". Future Publishing. Archived from the original on July 21, 2014. Retrieved January 24, 2019. Unfortunately, I pretty much forgot all that when working on James Pond 3, and I spent too much of the development time chasing after what Sonic had just achieved. ^ Kalata, Kurt (October 10, 2008). "Earthworm Jim". Retrieved October 11, 2014. ^ Ledford, Jon (September 6, 2013). "10 Worst Video Game Mascots". Arcade Sushi. ^ "From Rags to Riches: Way of the Warrior to Crash 3 ". No. 66. United States: Funco. pp. 18–19. ^ "Making Crash Bandicoot – part 1". All Things Andy Gavin. ^ Buchanan, Levi (December 2, 2008). "What Hath Sonic Wrought?, Vol. 4". IGN. ^ Hornshaw, Phil (June 24, 2016). "Gotta Go Fast: How Sonic the Hedgehog Transcended Video Games to Become an Icon". Complex. 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Retrieved November 22, 2019. ^ Neltz, András (June 20, 2013). "There's a New Sonic Out on PC. It's a Fangame and It Looks Amazing". Archived from the original on April 19, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2014. ^ Fingas, Jon (August 16, 2015). " ' Sonic the Hedgehog' tribute games reflect a mascot's fall from grace". Archived from the original on August 20, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2018. ^ Frank, Allegra (September 25, 2017). "Sonic Forces' Custom Hero mode might not be the wish fulfillment you want". Retrieved December 27, 2019. ^ Gerardi, Matt (November 10, 2017). "John Carpenter loves Sonic The Hedgehog, even the crappy one where he's a werewolf". Retrieved November 22, 2019. ^ Greg Edwards (October 6, 2006). "GameSpy: Sonic the Horndog - Page 2". Archived from the original on May 26, 2012. ^ Johnson, Dwayne [@TheRock] (December 14, 2019). "So crazy I used to love playing Sonic in college. Many moons later this... life can be so damn wildly unpredictable and surreal at times" (Tweet) – via Twitter. ^ Feldman, Brian (March 6, 2018). "Is President Trump Tweeting About Sonic the Hedgehog's Chaos Emeralds? ". Retrieved March 6, 2020. ^ Knoop, Joseph (March 9, 2019). "Sonic the Hedgehog live-action memes are so hot right now". The Daily Dot. Retrieved November 3, 2019. ^ a b Frank, Allegra (January 11, 2018). "Sonic the Hedgehog Twitter takes on Ugandan Knuckles in the best way". Retrieved November 2, 2019. ^ Good, Owen S. (November 26, 2017). "Sonic Forces pays tribute to Sanic Hegehog meme". Retrieved November 2, 2019. ^ Macgregor, Jody (November 27, 2017). "Now you can get a "Sanic" T-shirt in Sonic Forces for some reason". PC Gamer. Retrieved November 2, 2019. ^ a b c d Moo, William (February 10, 2020). "Sanic, the demented meme, is the purest expression of Sonic the Hedgehog". Syfy Wire. Retrieved February 11, 2020. ^ Webster, Andrew (June 23, 2016). 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Sonic has too many characters. Im pretty sure the idea of this film is about what would you do to see your family again. If it is, then I'm in. Sonic haslet texas. I am the 69th comment. 1:06 : Oh no. Sonic Ha'secrétaire. Sonic haslet. Sonic haslet tx. Shes so pretty. Search Enter your location above or select your theater below Search & Filter. Sonic Ha'secret story 8. Sonic ha& 39;serets. Sonic haslet tx hours. 
I hope they have Shadow, Tails, Amy Rose and Knuckles in the sequel. Sonic haslet 287. 
Something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot.
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Oct 2019. Zhi you yun zhi dao download youtube. YouTube. 对过去说声再见.且行且珍惜. Summary News Box Office International Video Sales Full Financials Cast & Crew Trailer Metrics Latest Ranking on Cumulative Box Office Lists Record Rank Amount All Time International Box Office (Rank 2, 801-2, 900) 2, 809 $23, 423, 794 All Time Worldwide Box Office (Rank 4, 501-4, 600) 4, 542 See the Box Office tab (Domestic) and International tab (International and Worldwide) for more Cumulative Box Office Records. Movie Details Domestic Releases: December 20th, 2019 (Limited) by China Lion Film Distribution, released as Only Cloud Knows International Releases: December 18th, 2019 (Wide) ( China) December 19th, 2019 (Wide), released as Only Cloud Knows ( New Zealand) December 20th, 2019 (Wide), released as Only Cloud Knows ( Australia) December 20th, 2019 (Wide), released as Only Cloud Knows ( United Kingdom) Running Time: 90 minutes Comparisons: Create your own comparison chart… Keywords: Romance Source: Original Screenplay Genre: Drama Production Method: Live Action Creative Type: Contemporary Fiction Production Countries: China Languages: Mandarin For a description of the different acting role types we use to categorize acting perfomances, see our Glossary. December 20th, 2019 The massive competition has led to very few limited releases this week and most of what we do get are re-releases of Agnès Varda. Not that I’m complaining about that. Her films are not the only limited releases of the week; they are not even the only limited re-releases of the week. However, I think her retrospective is the most intriguing option of the week. More... Weekend Box Office Performance Daily Box Office Performance Weekly Box Office Performance Box Office Summary Per Territory Territory Release Date Opening Weekend Opening Weekend Theaters Maximum Theaters Theatrical Engagements Total Box Office Report Date Australia * 12/20/2019 $20, 762 17 33 $38, 077 12/31/2019 12/18/2019 $9, 490, 000 75831 100104 $23, 266, 174 2/1/2020 New Zealand 12/19/2019 $46, 796 18 73 $115, 219 2/24/2020 United Kingdom $4, 324 8 12/27/2019 International Total $23, 423, 794 *) For these territories the Opening Weekend Theaters, Maximum Theaters and Theatrical Engagement values are based on screens instead of theaters. International Cumulative Box Office Records Record Rank Revenue All Time International Non-Sequel Box Office (Rank 2, 201-2, 300) 2, 281 Top 2019 Movies at the International Box Office (Rank 101-200) 136 All Time International Box Office for Original Screenplay Movies (Rank 1, 301-1, 400) 1, 366 All Time International Box Office for Live Action Movies (Rank 2, 301-2, 400) 2, 328 All Time International Box Office for Contemporary Fiction Movies (Rank 1, 301-1, 400) 1, 329 All Time International Box Office for Drama Movies (Rank 501-600) 574 All Time International Box Office for China Lion Film Distribution Movies 44 Worldwide Cumulative Box Office Records All Time Worldwide Non-Sequel Box Office (Rank 3, 801-3, 900) 3, 873 Top 2019 Movies at the Worldwide Box Office (Rank 101-200) 173 All Time Worldwide Box Office for Original Screenplay Movies (Rank 2, 201-2, 300) 2, 277 All Time Worldwide Box Office for Live Action Movies (Rank 3, 901-4, 000) 3, 920 All Time Worldwide Box Office for Contemporary Fiction Movies (Rank 2, 301-2, 400) 2, 301 All Time Worldwide Box Office for Drama Movies (Rank 901-1, 000) 984 All Time Worldwide Box Office for China Lion Film Distribution Movies 45 Full financial estimates for this film, including domestic and international box office, video sales, video rentals, TV and ancillary revenue are available through our research services. For more information, please contact us at.
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